Nissya Ariesta♥ WHO IS RUDYARD YOSEPH KIPLING ?

                                                 WHO IS RUDYARD YOSEPH KIPLING ?

(1865-1936)

By nissya rizky ariesta (61413026)

Rudyard Yoseph Kipling was born in Bombay on December 3^rd 1865 and died on January 18^th 1936 in London . He is an English short-story writer, poet, and novelist. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907. He has strong view in colonial, showed from his poem on the " Ballad of East and West " . This poem is very great fame despite the fact that more Kipling swoop on transcendental matters not on the physical conditions between the western and eastern man . But the attitude of colonial thinking is manifested in the poem can make Kipling called western spokesperson in defending colonialism . Kipling's childhood was very depressed due to get a good education , his parents send Kipling and his sister to England . He lived with the family retired navy very tight and read fiction is considered a sin . But fortunately he got a full month in a year to vacation at her aunt , Mrs. Burne Jones . At his aunt's house he can develop his talent in reading,  writing and drawing . His childhood experiences poured in Baa Baa Black Sheep . In 1878 he entered the United Srvice Divonshire College , where he received much of pushed from his headmaster in compose . A number of poems from his childhood and his father published a number of stories published in the teenage years and Co.

In 1882 he returned to India and in Allahabad he holds weekly Gazzete Civil and Military . His pervasion experiences collected in Departmental Ditties  ( 1886) , Soldiers Three ( 1888 ) and Palin Tales from the Hill ( 1888 ) . These writings ever published in fragmentation . In 1889 he returned to England and has been known as a man of letters . 1891 published The Light that Failed and published in 1892 Barrack Room Ballad and the same year he married a girl named Caroline Starr Bolestier America and lived in Vermont , where he wrote The Jungle Book 18940 and Captain Courageous (1897 ) .

Because of his disagreements with the law , Kipling returned from America to England . In  1901 he published his novel, Kim , in 1902  The Just So Stories and in 1904 he published Puck of Pook 's Hill . In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize for Literature, the first Englishman to be so honoured. In South Africa, where he spent much time, he was given a house by Cecil Rhodes, the diamond magnate and South African statesman. Previously in 1897 he published a warning Recessional imprealism development, life experience in three continents , Asia , Europe and America wrote in From Sea to Sea . Near of his end life he wrote an autobiography  that written by him with title Something of Myself.

Well let’s talk about his father. Kipling’s father is John Lockwood Kipling. He is an artist and scholar who influence his son’s works. rator of the Lahore museum, and is described presiding over this “wonder house” in the first chapter of Kim, Rudyard's most famous novel. His mother is Alice Macdonald two of whose sisters married the highly successful 19th-century painters Sir Edward Burne-Jones and Sir Edward Poynter, while a third married Alfred Baldwin and became the mother of Stanley Baldwin, later prime minister.

You know a man never be complete without any great woman. The Kipling’s wife is aroline Balestier, the sister of Wolcott Balestier, an American publisher and writer with whom hehad collaborated in The Naulahka(1892).

They moved to the United States and settled in Vermont. But unfortunately their neighbors couldn’t accept their attitude and manners. So that they decided to went back to the England in 1896. Kipling published his well known works in novel in the 1890s. The Light that Failed (1890) is his novel that present a story about a painter who getting blind and rejected by the woman who really he loves. Captains Courageous(1897), in spite of its sense of adventure, is often considered a poor novel because of the excessive descriptive writing. Kim(1901), although presented a children's book, must be considered a classic. The Jungle Books(1894 and 1895) is a very great collection of stories linked by poems for children. These books give proof that Kipling excelled at telling a story but was inconsistent in producing balanced, cohesive novels.

In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize for Literature,  the first Englishman to be so honoured  in South Africa. It’s the place where he spent much time, he was given a house by Cecil Rhodes, a famous person in  South African.This association fostered Kipling's imperialist persuasions, which were to grow stronger with the years. These convictions are not to be dismissed in a word; they were bound up with a genuine sense of a civilizing mission that required every Englishman, or, more broadly, every white man, to bring European culture to the heathen natives of the uncivilized world. Kipling's poems and stories were extraordinarily popular in the late 19th and early 20th century. But after the first World War,  his reputation as a serious writer suffered through his being widely viewed as a jingoistic (someone who like war) imperialist.

Rudyard Kipling died of a hemorrhage on 18 January 1936 in London, and his ashes are interred in the Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey, London, England near to T. S. Eliot. Today his study and the gardens at ‘The Elm’ are preserved by the Rottingdean Preservation Society, and Bateman’s is held by the National Trust. The Kipling Society was founded in 1927. From his poem “Recessional”—Lest we forget is now a popular epitaph used by many including the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (est.1917) which Kipling worked as literary adviser for during World War I.

God of our fathers, known of old,
Lord of our far-flung battle-line,
Beneath whose awful Hand we hold
Dominion over palm and pine -
Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet,
Lest we forget - lest we forget!

One of his best works is The Jungle Book. The tales in the book (and also those in The Second Jungle Book which followed in 1895, and which include five another stories about Mowgli) are fables, using animal in human being manner to give moral lessons. The verses of The Law of the Jungle, for example, lay down rules for the safety of individuals, families and communities. Kipling put in them nearly everything he knew or "heard or dreamed about the Indian jungle. In this book because of its moral tone, then it used as a motivational book by the Cub Scouts in junior element of the Scouting movement. The book became universe since Kipling approve the direct petition from Robert Baden-Powell, founder of the Scouting movement. Robert Baden-Powell was the person who originally asked for the author's permission to use the Memory Game from Kim in his plan to develop the morale and fitness of working-class youths in cities. Akela, the head wolf in The Jungle Book, has become a senior figure in the movement, the name was traditionally adopted by the leader of each Cub Scout pack.

He also has many poetries, one of my favorite is Blue Roses. Blue Roses is a poem from Rudyard Kipling's book Light That Failed Memoirs and was collected in his Songs from Books (Macmillan, 1914).  I don’t know why but I think he seldom make a kind of romance poem. So in my thought it is something different in his works.

Blue Roses

     The Light that Failed

                                                                                                     

    Roses red and roses white

    Plucked I for my love's delight.

    She would none of all my posies--

    Bade me gather her blue roses.

    Half the world I wandered through,

    Seeking where such flowers grew.

    Half the world unto my quest

    Answered me with laugh and jest.

    Home I came at wintertide,

    But my silly love had died

    Seeking with her latest breath

    Roses from the arms of Death.

    It may be beyond the grave

    She shall find what she would have.

    Mine was but an idle quest--

    Roses white and red are best!

His other works are :

Poems and Poetry Books :

“The Absent-Minded Beggar” (1899)
“If” (1910)
The Seven Seas (1896)
The Five Nations (1903)
The Years Between (1919)

Short Stories and Collections :

“The Man Who Would Be King” (1888)
“Mary Postgate” (1915)
Many Inventions (1893)
A Fleet in Being (1898)
Just So Stories for Little Children (1902)
Traffics and Discoveries (1904)
Puck of Pook’s Hill (1906)
Actions and Reactions (1909)
Rewards and Fairies (1910)
Songs from Books (1912)
A Diversity of Creatures (1917)
Land and Sea Tales for Scouts and Guides (1923)
Debits and Credits (1926)
Thy Servant a Dog (1930)
Limits and Renewals (1932)

Novels :

The Story of the Gadsbys (1888)
The Light that Failed (1891)
Stalky & Co. (1899) based on his early school days
From Sea to Sea - Letters of Travel (1899, non-fiction)
A History of England (1911, non-fiction) with Charles Robert Leslie Fletcher
A Book of Words (1928, non-fiction)

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